These techniques provide a standard method of movement, but the platoon leader must use common sense in employing them as he performs his missions and encounters different situations. Direct fire engagements are normally limited to whatever actions are required to break contact. (d) Execute the COA. The following examples illustrate actions on contact in a variety of tactical situations. Movement during dismounted operations is similar to mounted movement but requires more command and control due to the decentralized nature of the task. As he moves along the prescribed route or axis of advance during execution, the leader navigates from waypoint to waypoint and reports locations using the waypoints as checkpoints or phase lines. Rally points may be in either enemy or friendly areas, depending on the situation. Bounding overwatch, the slowest but most secure movement technique, is employed when enemy contact is expected. This information allows the platoon leader to disperse his unit during movement. When operating out of normal communications range, an infiltrating element that must transmit required information should move to high ground or set up a long-range expedient antenna. (3) The leader plots waypoints on easily recognizable terrain and on significant turns on the route for ease in navigation. His exfiltration plan should factor in additional time that the platoon may need to react to unforeseen circumstances, such as inadvertent contact with enemy forces or unexpected restrictive terrain. The move-set method can be used to control bounding overwatch within the reconnaissance section regardless of the platoon organization. Once he decides on a COA, he recommends it to the battalion commander and provides information on how the platoon COA will affect the current situation. Tactics. a. Do not replace operational graphics with an over-reliance on waypoint land navigation techniques. Types of Traveling . These aids also provide directional information for movement and target acquisition, and they augment operational planning graphics such as checkpoints, boundaries, coordination points, and phase lines. If the section or team receives fire from the enemy, it returns fire but only with the intent of breaking direct fire contact. (3) Emergency Exfiltration. Designating a line of departure (LD) to use as a handoff line to the attacking unit. Platoon using traveling technique and staggered column formation. As the reconnaissance platoon executes reconnaissance and security missions, it will encounter routes or mobility corridors that provide access into the area between the platoon and friendly elements to its rear. Choose and recommend a COA and maneuver the force. The platoon must be prepared to execute actions on contact under any of the following conditions: Whether the platoon remains undetected or is identified by enemy forces, it must first take actions to protect itself, find out what it is up against, and decide on a COA. Since the destruction of the enemy is in accordance with the commander's order, the section or team leader simply informs higher headquarters that he is continuing the mission. What are basic infantry tactics? They should search for movement, reflections, smoke, and any irregular shapes or colors indicating camouflage. The platoon uses these methods when it must cover long distances, time of return is essential, the exfiltration route lacks adequate cover and concealment, the enemy does not have air superiority, or heavily populated hostile areas obstruct ground exfiltration. The exfiltration plan should also cover other types of contingencies that will not require the platoon to exfiltrate. Mounted Formations. It stops inside the wood line, ensuring it is still within the shadow line of the woods. Study now. It is used when speed is important and enemy contact is not likely. The reconnaissance platoon normally uses no more than two lanes due to its size and limited resources. What are the top 10 most used form of communication What communication devices are the most popular nowadays TASMUS, Tactical Area Communications System is a network centric communication infrastructure that enables obtaining a common picture of the battlefield in near-real time and sharing data among battlefield systems in near-real time. The six mounted reconnaissance platoon formations are line, wedge, column, staggered column, coil, and herringbone. It uses covered and concealed routes to move to a designated rally point that avoids enemy observation and provides cover and concealment. (2) Wedge Formation. (a) Disengage from Enemy Contact. When engagement is complete and the enemy is destroyed, the COA is obvious: the section or team continues its mission. Evaluate and develop the situation 3. Once the element in contact has developed the situation and the platoon leader has enough information to make a decision, he selects a COA. The platoon leader identifies and highlights danger areas when he performs his map reconnaissance during TLP. Sneakers typically force runners to land on their heels, sending shocks throughout the body. Figure 3-6 shows the platoon in the staggered column in a two-section organization with the heavy section leading. During the execution of reconnaissance and security missions, the reconnaissance platoon will encounter specific types of terrain or features that expose it to enemy fire. The command and control system software on the RV can create most standard graphic control measures used at platoon level. To properly execute actions on contact, the platoon must take action consistent with the fundamentals of reconnaissance (refer to Chapter 4 of this manual for a detailed discussion): c. The Seven Forms of Contact. Situations involving electronic warfare tactics. The platoon finds the flanks of the enemy position and looks for other enemy elements that could provide mutual support to the position. Direct. In conducting both mounted and dismounted movement on the battlefield, the reconnaissance platoon uses three movement techniques: traveling, traveling overwatch, and bounding overwatch. Simultaneously, the lead element returns fire, sends a contact report, employs smoke grenades, and moves to the nearest hide position. If this occurs, the platoon leader must decide whether to commit additional platoon assets to the contact to develop it further or to adopt a COA based on the information he has discovered to that point. When terrain permits sections to be mutually supporting (such as in desert terrain) and other METT-TC factors are favorable, the platoon leader can use this technique to control bounding by sections. It uses bounding overwatch because of the possibility of enemy contact. What does Dinocave stand for? This trend is common in some of the wheeledvehicle formations but predominantly in the trackedvehicle formations. They should not attack more heavily armored vehicles except in self-defense. from each species with three types of glucuronidase and arylsulfatase had little effect on the HPLC Develop a COA 4. The platoon maintains relative positioning based on terrain and combat losses. Wooded Areas. In this situation, the platoon maintains contact by leaving a section or team in contact. Cover and concealment are abundant, and it is easy for the enemy to remain undetected until he is at very close range. This COA is appropriate when the reconnaissance platoon discovers enemy elements his higher commander wants to destroy but which it cannot destroy either because it lacks sufficient combat power or because it has other tasks to perform. They base decisions about routes and movement techniques on the mission, terrain and weather, likelihood of enemy contact, speed of movement, and depth to which the platoon's elements must penetrate. What is area defense? In densely wooded areas, mounted elements are extremely vulnerable to dismounted enemy forces that can close on them undetected. He considers various possible COAs, based on well-developed TTP (including battle drills), to meet the types of contact. Once the reconnaissance section or team is set in cover and concealment and has submitted its initial reports, it must develop the situation. Conduct an attack against an inferior force. f. Examples of Actions on Contact. The platoon must use them in conjunction with other movement- and security-related measures. The exfiltration plan might address this situation by calling for a resupply drop of new batteries and another means of communication at a predetermined location. The leader analyzes the terrain for routes that provide protection from direct and indirect fires and from ground and aerial observation. This formation uses the two-section organization. Wiki User. Leaders use POSNAV aids to identify their location and the location of subordinate and adjacent units. The platoon must conduct these halts at regular intervals (approximately every kilometer) while moving through the wooded area. Route Planning. (e) Conduct a Hasty Attack. A reconnaissance section or team makes contact when its dismounted element identifies an enemy force. This technique is appropriate because of the extremely short fields of view and the danger of dismounted ambush. Groups on different routes may move using different methods of insertion or extraction (for example, one group moves by RVs, another group moves by helicopter, and another moves dismounted). Indirect fire can also provide concealment, with smoke used alone or mixed with suppressive fires. 8 Forms of Contact (DINOCAVE) Direct Indirect Non-hostile Obstacle CBRN Aerial Visual Electronic Warfare Actions on Contact A series of combat actions, often conducted simultaneously, taken upon contact with the enemy to develop the situation. Definition. Platoon staggered column formation. Actions on contact include all forms of contact: sensor; direct and indirect lethal and nonlethal fires; air; obstacle or device; electronic warfare; and chemical, biological, radiological . a. Navigation. During infiltration using multiple lanes, the detection of one platoon's elements may alert the enemy and compromise other units in the infiltration zone. Thus, some groups must share a lane with one or more groups while others do not. If he cannot find a bypass, he focuses not only on finding potential enemy positions but also on locating covered and concealed routes for bounding and a covered and concealed position to which the unit can move. When contact is made, the platoon executes battle drills, designated by SOP, to maintain freedom of maneuver and avoid becoming decisively engaged. The platoon leader must use all available optics and other assets, including GSR, to reconnoiter the open area and find a bypass, if applicable. It is based on lessons learned in current operations and training, from adaptive enemies, and after changes in force structure, technology, and social values. In very large open areas, however, use of dismounted troops may not be feasible because of the distances between covered and concealed positions. (last updated February 8, 2012). DINO CAVE (Contacts) Direct. The platoon leader or PSG relays the contact report to the battalion tactical operations center and or the tactical command post (TAC CP), followed as soon as possible by a spot report and updates. If the open area is very large, the overwatch element should only remain stationary until the bounding element has moved a distance equal to half the effective range of the overwatching element's weapon system. (1) The ideal way for the platoon to make contact is by means of FBCB2 reports from sensor elements (such as tactical unmanned aerial vehicles [TUAVs], ground surveillance radar [GSR], or other intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance [ISR] assets). In most cases, the reconnaissance platoon can not or should not mass its combat power to defeat an enemy force. As information becomes available, the element in contact sends a contact report, followed by a digital or analog size, activity, location, and time (SALT) report . Regardless of the likelihood of enemy contact, the platoon should always use bounding overwatch if time is available and when there is a possibility of enemy contact. Traveling overwatch and bounding overwatch are most often executed at the section level. Dismounted traveling overwatch. Because breaking contact is a violation of reconnaissance fundamentals, the platoon leader must be sure that his higher headquarters is informed of and approves this COA (Figure 3-14). (3) Column Formation. What are the three forms of the defense? d. Regardless of which technique is used, the reconnaissance section leader gives the section an order explaining what each element will do. This security technique involves the use of short-duration OPs consisting of mounted or dismounted soldiers with necessary observation equipment. a. They look for any other signs of enemy activity or any enemy response to the destruction of the vehicle. The platoon must approach hills and curves cautiously, and dismounted members must clear any dead space. However, the screen may display only a small portion of the platoon's area of operations. Delays may result when groups must avoid enemy contact. Figure 3-13. For example, the reconnaissance platoon leader must anticipate contingency measures in case his elements must conduct an unplanned exfiltration during a reconnaissance operation. The platoon focuses on requirements for a successful friendly attack, to include. Primary Menu. Wooded areas provide a high degree of concealment to forces that occupy them, particularly infantry forces. Purposes. b. If it has not yet sent a spot report, it initially focuses on getting enough information to send one. The lead vehicle and the overwatch element occupy positions that allow them to observe the destroyed vehicle. (a) The first group to reach the rally point establishes security and exchanges recognition signals with subsequent groups. By knowing these details ahead of time, the platoon leader can develop the situation more rapidly and arrive at and execute the desired COA. This information is part of the mission analysis during troop-leading procedures (discussed in Chapter 2). His other sections continue their reconnaissance mission. Preferably, the section leader uses hand-and-arm signals or digital communication within the section for command and control. (1) The platoon leader receives the obstacle overlay and the situational template overlay from the commander to identify reported enemy and obstacle locations. The rear vehicles provide overwatch and command and control (Figure 3-4). The infiltration plan must provide the platoon with enough time for preparation, rehearsal, and initial movement. The move-set technique of movement is simply an organized way of controlling the reconnaissance section when it moves in bounding overwatch. The lead reconnaissance element (section or team) identifies an enemy element consisting of one enemy reconnaissance vehicle. This allows for continuation of the mission and reduces the chance of any loss of combat power. To aid in the control of movement, the platoon should choose rally points for all infiltrations and exfiltrations. On the line provided write either DN for double negative or S for standard. The steps that make up actions on contact must be thoroughly trained and rehearsed so that the platoon can react instinctively, as a team, whenever it encounters enemy forces. It allows the platoon to cover the most ground systematically with maximum reconnaissance forward (Figure 3-3). An element (normally a section or team) maintains contact while the rest of the reconnaissance platoon continues the reconnaissance mission. Indirect. As the dismounted elements remount, the vehicles use their optics to visually clear the open area again. (1) If using only the FBCB2 software, the commander must use only the necessary graphic control measures and icons for the mission to ensure clarity. The instructions below explain the first time setup that enables you to print a design or schematic to a PDF. Wiki User. The software should not limit the platoon leader's planning and use of control measures and operational graphics. The commander approves or disapproves the recommended COA based on how it will affect the parent unit's mission. These situations may entail one or more of the seven forms of contact: d. Summary of Actions on Contact. (c) Elements not in contact temporarily halt in covered and or concealed positions, monitor the incoming reports, and plot the situation on their maps. What are the 8 forms of contact Army? The purpose of tactical movement is to move units on the battlefield either to initiate contact with the enemy or to reach a destination when contact with the enemy along the way is possible.. It provides for immediate direct fire suppression on an enemy force that engages the bounding element with direct fire. If the element in contact is unable to report or cannot report quickly, another team in the reconnaissance platoon section must report. The element that remains in contact maintains visual contact with the enemy and reports if the enemy situation changes. The eight forms of enemy contact are visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic (sometimes referenced as "DINOCAVE" within the intelligence community). (Refer to Chapter 6 of this manual for specific information on the urban environment.). (2) Terrain Factors. Contact with an unknown or superior force. b. (b) Successive Bounds. Once the vehicles are inside the wood line (approximately 100 to 200 meters), the platoon shuts off vehicle engines, maintains dismounted security, and conducts a listening/security halt. The overwatch vehicle engages the source of enemy fire by calling for indirect fire support, then monitors to ensure the contact report is sent. When this reconnaissance is complete, the section or team sends an updated report to higher headquarters. Maximum use is made of folds of the earth and concealment to mask movement from likely enemy positions. Recon the OBJ 3. The elements conduct mounted movement to designated dismount points where they organize dismounted patrols to develop the situation from a new direction. When conducting movement in a secure area, it is appropriate to specify the order of march by SOP. The exfiltration plan and OPORD must address these factors. Figure 3-12. S\underline{\color{#c34632}{S}}S Rufino hasnt missed any football games this year. The platoon does not intend to engage in combat, but it is dispersed to prevent destruction in case of unexpected air or ground attack. They should use radio listening silence except to report contact with enemy forces or to send critical information that the commander has directed them to report immediately. Leaders may detach small security elements from the main body to provide early warning by acting as an advance guard or as guides along a route. The screens are relatively small and easily become cluttered with control measures. Barefoot runners land midfoot, allowing their bodies to absorb the shock and return the energy to the stride. When the platoon conducts dismounted movement, the factors of METT-TC determine the formation of the dismounted element. Example platoon coil formation. The reconnaissance platoon may select this COA when it does not have the resources to leave an element in contact and continue to accomplish its priority reconnaissance tasks. These specific instructions must include focus of the reconnaissance, tempo of the operation, engagement criteria, and the desired COA based on the size and activity of the enemy force encountered. lewisham mobile testing unit 8 forms of contact dinocave. There are three major types of dismounted operations: local security tasks, OPs, and patrols. All vehicles should move completely off the road if terrain allows. Some revisions are not of actual mistakes, but will improve the clarity of the writing. (a) The platoon leader updates his spot report to the commander with any new information and then recommends a COA to the commander. The eight forms of enemy contact are visual; direct; indirect; non-hostile; obstacles; aircraft; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN); and electronic (sometimes referenced as "DINOCAVE" within the intelligence community). The unit that moves first keeps its weapon systems oriented on the enemy. Copy. The routes should facilitate mission accomplishment within the limitations of boundaries and allow freedom of maneuver. In addition, digital communications are to be maintained between the dismounted and vehicular elements. To do this, they use information from the battalion S2, sensor reports on the FBCB2, and information collected by dismounted patrols. To establish communications relay capability for a specific period in support of other reconnaissance operations. Leaders must maintain a paper map with an acetate operational graphics overlay in case of system failures. To regain the use of all his assets, the platoon leader continues coordination to hand off contact to a follow-on element (Figure 3-15). In successive bounding, the trail element moves to an overwatch position that is approximately abreast of the lead element. Read the following passage and then choose the best revision for the underlined portions of the paragraph. Evaluate and develop situation 3. It must, however, be far enough to the rear to avoid contact in case an enemy force engages the lead element.
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